Viability Scan: What It Is, When It’s Needed, and What to Expect

What is a Viability Scan?

A viability scan is an early pregnancy ultrasound. Doctors use it to check if a pregnancy is developing as expected. Usually, this scan happens in the first trimester. It helps confirm the presence of a heartbeat and checks the baby’s growth. Because it is a safe and simple test, many women find it reassuring.

Why is a Viability Scan Important?

There are several reasons why a viability scan matters. First, it helps confirm a healthy pregnancy. Second, it can detect problems early. For example, it may show if the pregnancy is outside the womb (ectopic pregnancy). Also, it helps check for multiple pregnancies, like twins. Most importantly, early detection allows for better care and planning.

When is a Viability Scan Performed?

Doctors usually suggest a viability scan between 6 and 10 weeks of pregnancy. However, some women may need it sooner or later. For instance, if you have pain, bleeding, or a history of miscarriage, your doctor may recommend an early pregnancy ultrasound. In most cases, the scan is part of the first trimester scan schedule.

How is a Viability Scan Done?

Understanding what to expect during a viability scan can ease worries. Here is a step-by-step guide:

First, you may be asked to drink water before the scan. A full bladder helps get clearer images.

Next, you will lie down on an exam table.

Then, the technician applies a special gel to your lower belly.

After that, a small device called a transducer moves over your skin. It sends sound waves to create images.

Sometimes, if the images are not clear, a vaginal ultrasound may be needed. This involves a small probe placed gently inside the vagina.

Finally, the doctor reviews the images and explains the results.

The whole process usually takes about 15 to 30 minutes. Most women find it painless, though the gel may feel cold.

What Do the Results Mean?

After the scan, your doctor will discuss the findings. The scan checks for:

Presence of a gestational sac (the first sign of pregnancy)

Heartbeat (usually seen after 6 weeks)

Number of embryos (to check for twins or more)

Location of the pregnancy (to rule out ectopic pregnancy)

Estimated due date based on measurements

If everything looks normal, you can feel reassured. However, if there are concerns, your doctor will guide you on next steps. Sometimes, a repeat scan may be needed for a clearer picture.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a viability scan safe? Yes, it uses sound waves, not radiation. It is safe for both mother and baby.

Do I need to fast before the scan? No, but you may need a full bladder for better images.

Will I get results right away? Often, yes. The doctor usually explains the findings after the scan.

Can a viability scan detect birth defects? Not usually. It mainly checks for heartbeat and early growth.

Safety and Risks

According to the World Health Organization and CDC, ultrasound scans are very safe. They do not use harmful radiation. Most women have no side effects. Rarely, you may feel mild discomfort from the probe or gel. However, there are no known long-term risks to mother or baby.

Tips for Patients Before the Scan

Drink water as advised to fill your bladder.

Wear comfortable, loose clothing for easy access to your belly.

Arrive a few minutes early to relax before the scan.

Bring your previous medical records if you have them.

Ask your doctor any questions before the scan begins.

Conclusion and Next Steps

In summary, a viability scan is a key part of early pregnancy care. It helps confirm a healthy pregnancy and guides next steps. If you have concerns or need more information, consult a healthcare provider or radiologist for personalized advice about viability scans.